A modern invention, sleeve gastrectomy is an intervention that is currently looking for a top place in the surgical management of morbid obesity. Basically, sleeve gastrectomy means that a part of the stomach is removed laparoscopically, leaving only a "tube" stomach. As in the case of the ring, this is an intervention that causes a permanent reduction in the volume of the stomach, thus being a restrictive intervention.
The reduction of food intake is related to the fact that the pouch fills quickly and empties slowly, inducing a feeling of fullness that is going to last longer. Moreover, there are some hormonal changes associated with the intervention that will result in a decreased weight. Regular monitoring is crucial for the success of the operation.
Sleeve gastrectomy is considered primarily as an act aimed at preventing the development of medical problems related to obesity. Of course, behind this purely "medical" act one will find a large array of problems experienced daily by overweight people: psychological, relational, difficulty of moving or shortness of breath. These problems are taken into account only partially when it comes to taking the decision of performing the surgery.
Surgery is actually the last option for obtaining a stable weight reduction. This type of gastrectomy is an intervention that takes place with general anaesthesia. As any other surgery, it has its risks and its potential complications. It is not and should not be considered an elective surgery and, if the patient does not present a sufficient overweight that is measured by body mass index, it will not even be considered. The balance of multidisciplinary preoperative evaluation includes the opinion of the treating physician, psychiatrist, nutritionist and surgeon or endocrinologist. Additional advice may be requested from a cardiologist, pulmonologist or anesthetist.
The patient will be hospitalized a day before the surgery and there will be 4 to 5 more days you will spend in the hospital after the surgery. The operation is performed under general anesthesia by laparoscopic surgery, using 5 scars from 5 to 15 mm formed in the upper part of the abdomen, which will permit the introduction of a camera, various instruments, and stapling pliers. A small scar of less than 10 cm will be achieved by the end of surgery to remove the segment of stomach cut after putting in a bag.
The procedure generally takes between 1 hour and a half to 2 hours. It involves cutting the stomach vertically and leaving in place a gastric tube. The other piece of stomach will be permanently removed. Unlike the ring, this is an irreversible surgery. After the surgery, the patient will remain for about two hours in the recovery room before being taken back to the general intensive care unit.
With a laparoscopic procedure, full recovery is obtained within 15 days to 3 weeks from the surgery. This operation is well established, but it still remains a major procedure, including some significant complications rates, including a reaction to anesthesia, infection or a bleeding wound of abdominal organ, especially when surgical dissection is difficult.
The aim of the sleeve gastrectomy is to attain the ideal weight by keeping a balanced diet. It is recommended to maintain a healthy life after the surgery, including engaging in physical activities.
Derrick L. Hartman writes about San Jose bariatric surgery plus other general medical-related topics.
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